Research Vocabulary

#481

erratum

Example sentences

1. The journal issued an erratum for a printing error.
2. The erratum corrected a missing word in the title.
3. Readers can find the erratum beside the original paper.

#

#482

retraction

Example sentences

1. The journal announced a retraction after serious data problems were confirmed.
2. A retraction warns readers not to rely on the article.
3. The retraction notice explained the reason for removing the paper.

#

#483

expression of concern

Example sentences

1. The editor published an expression of concern while the study was investigated.
2. An expression of concern warns readers about possible problems.
3. The journal may remove the expression of concern after the investigation ends.

#

#484

open access

Example sentences

1. The article is open access, so anyone can read it for free.
2. Open access can help research reach a wider audience.
3. The authors chose an open access journal for their paper.

#

#485

paywall

Example sentences

1. The full article was behind a paywall.
2. The student could read only the abstract because of the paywall.
3. A library subscription can provide access to articles behind a paywall.

#

#486

article processing charge

Example sentences

1. The journal asked for an article processing charge after acceptance.
2. The research fund covered the article processing charge.
3. Some open access journals do not require an article processing charge.

#

#487

repository deposit

Example sentences

1. The university required a repository deposit of the accepted manuscript.
2. Repository deposit made the paper easier to find.
3. The author checked the journal policy before repository deposit.

#

#488

embargo

Example sentences

1. The repository placed a twelve-month embargo on the manuscript.
2. During the embargo, the full text was not publicly available.
3. The embargo ended one year after publication.

#

#489

copyright

Example sentences

1. Copyright protects the original writing and figures in the article.
2. The author checked who owned the copyright after publication.
3. Using a copyrighted figure may require permission.

#

#490

Creative Commons license

Example sentences

1. The article has a Creative Commons license that allows sharing.
2. The license page explains the rules of the Creative Commons license.
3. The author chose a Creative Commons license for the open article.

#

#491

DOI

Example sentences

1. The DOI gives the article a permanent digital identifier.
2. The student used the DOI to find the paper online.
3. The reference includes the DOI at the end.

#

#492

ORCID

Example sentences

1. The researcher added her ORCID to the journal account.
2. An ORCID helps connect an author with their publications.
3. The university encouraged every researcher to create an ORCID.

#

#493

metadata

Example sentences

1. The repository uses metadata such as the title, author, and date.
2. Good metadata makes a dataset easier to find.
3. The team checked the metadata before publishing the file.

#

#494

data management plan

Example sentences

1. The data management plan explains how data will be stored and shared.
2. The team wrote the data management plan before fieldwork.
3. The funder reviewed the data management plan with the proposal.

#

#495

data sharing

Example sentences

1. Data sharing allows other researchers to check and reuse information.
2. The consent form explained the rules for data sharing.
3. The team removed names before data sharing.

#

#496

open data

Example sentences

1. The project published open data in a public repository.
2. Open data can support new studies and better transparency.
3. Personal information must be protected before data become open data.

#

#497

open code

Example sentences

1. The authors shared open code for the statistical analysis.
2. Open code helped another team repeat the analysis.
3. The repository included instructions for using the open code.

#

#498

reproducibility

Example sentences

1. Clear data and code improved the reproducibility of the analysis.
2. Reproducibility means the same data and method can produce the same result.
3. The journal asked authors to support reproducibility.

#

#499

replicability

Example sentences

1. A new study tested the replicability of the original finding.
2. Replicability is stronger when similar results appear with new data.
3. The researchers described the method clearly to support replicability.

#

#500

FAIR principles

Example sentences

1. The FAIR principles help make data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.
2. The repository follows FAIR principles when organizing research data.
3. The team improved its file names and metadata to meet FAIR principles.

#