Medical Vocabulary

#621

Inherited mutation

Example sentences

1. The patient had an inherited mutation from one parent.
2. An inherited mutation is present from birth.
3. Genetic testing can identify an inherited mutation.

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#622

Acquired mutation

Example sentences

1. The tumor developed an acquired mutation.
2. An acquired mutation happens during a person’s life.
3. The acquired mutation was found only in the cancer cells.

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#623

Genetic disorder

Example sentences

1. The child was diagnosed with a genetic disorder.
2. A genetic disorder is caused by a change in genetic material.
3. The family received information about the genetic disorder.

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#624

Genetic testing

Example sentences

1. The doctor recommended genetic testing.
2. Genetic testing can look for changes in genes or chromosomes.
3. The patient discussed the genetic testing result with a specialist.

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#625

Genetic counseling

Example sentences

1. The couple attended genetic counseling before pregnancy.
2. Genetic counseling explains inherited risks and testing options.
3. The specialist answered the family’s questions during genetic counseling.

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#626

Carrier screening

Example sentences

1. The couple chose carrier screening before pregnancy.
2. Carrier screening can show whether a person carries certain gene changes.
3. The counselor explained the carrier screening results.

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#627

Public health

Example sentences

1. Public health works to protect the health of communities.
2. Vaccination is an important public health activity.
3. The public health team studied the local outbreak.

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#628

Epidemiology

Example sentences

1. Epidemiology studies patterns and causes of disease in populations.
2. The student used epidemiology to investigate the outbreak.
3. Epidemiology can guide disease prevention programs.

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#629

Population

Example sentences

1. The study included an adult population from three cities.
2. A population is the full group that researchers want to study.
3. The health program served a population of rural families.

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#630

Surveillance

Example sentences

1. Disease surveillance identified an increase in new cases.
2. Surveillance collects health information over time.
3. The ministry improved surveillance during the outbreak.

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#631

Case definition

Example sentences

1. The health team used a clear case definition.
2. A case definition explains who should be counted as a case.
3. The researchers updated the case definition after new information appeared.

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#632

Contact tracing

Example sentences

1. Contact tracing helped find people who were exposed.
2. The health team began contact tracing after the positive test.
3. Good communication is important during contact tracing.

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#633

Rate

Example sentences

1. The report showed the infection rate for each district.
2. A rate compares the number of events with a population and time.
3. Researchers calculated the rate using the study data.

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#634

Ratio

Example sentences

1. The study reported a ratio of two men for every woman.
2. A ratio compares one number with another number.
3. The researcher checked the ratio before writing the report.

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#635

Mortality rate

Example sentences

1. The mortality rate fell after treatment improved.
2. The mortality rate measures deaths in a population.
3. The report compared the mortality rate between regions.

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#636

Case-fatality rate

Example sentences

1. The case-fatality rate was lower among vaccinated patients.
2. The case-fatality rate shows the share of diagnosed people who die.
3. Researchers calculated the case-fatality rate after the outbreak.

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#637

Attack rate

Example sentences

1. The attack rate was highest among people at the event.
2. An attack rate shows how many exposed people became ill.
3. The health team used the attack rate to study the outbreak.

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#638

Sensitivity

Example sentences

1. The test had high sensitivity for finding the disease.
2. Sensitivity shows how well a test identifies people who truly have a condition.
3. Researchers measured the sensitivity of the new test.

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#639

Specificity

Example sentences

1. The test had high specificity for people without the disease.
2. Specificity shows how well a test identifies people who do not have a condition.
3. Researchers compared the specificity of two tests.

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#640

False positive

Example sentences

1. The first test gave a false positive.
2. A false positive suggests disease when the person does not have it.
3. A second test helped identify the false positive.

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